Confidentiality in cybersecurity involves a broad spectrum of technical aspects designed to protect data from unauthorized access and disclosure.
Here's a list:
Encryption: Transforming readable data into an unreadable format using algorithms and keys.
Authentication: Verifying the identity of users, systems, or entities before granting access.
Authorization: Determining and enforcing what authenticated users are allowed to do.
Access Control Lists (ACLs): Specifying which users or system processes are granted access to objects.
Role-Based Access Control (RBAC): Assigning system access to users based on their role within an organization.
Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)/Transport Layer Security (TLS): Protocols for encrypting information over the internet.
Virtual Private Networks (VPNs): Creating a secure and encrypted connection over a less secure network, such as the internet.
Secure Shell (SSH): A cryptographic network protocol for secure data communication and remote command-line login.
Data Masking: Hiding specific data within a database to protect it from unauthorized access while maintaining the database's usability.
Tokenization: Substituting sensitive data with non-sensitive equivalents, known as tokens, that have no exploitable meaning or value.
Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): Requiring two or more verification methods for a user to gain access to a resource.
Digital Signatures: Providing a means of guaranteeing the integrity and origin of data.
Data Classification: Categorizing organizational data based on its level of sensitivity and impact on confidentiality if disclosed.
Secure File Transfer Protocols (SFTP/FTPS): Ensuring secure and encrypted transfer of data over networks.
Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS) and Intrusion Prevention Systems (IPS): Monitoring network or system activities for malicious activities or policy violations.
End-to-End Encryption (E2EE): Encrypting data at its origin and decrypting it only at its destination.
Public Key Infrastructure (PKI): Using a set of roles, policies, hardware, software, and procedures needed to create, manage, distribute, use, store, and revoke digital certificates.
Data Loss Prevention (DLP) Technologies: Detecting potential data breach/data ex-filtration transmissions and preventing them by monitoring, detecting, and blocking sensitive data while in use, in motion, and at rest.
Secure Code Development: Applying security considerations and practices in the software development lifecycle.
Zero Trust Architecture: Assuming no inherent trust within a network and verifying every request as though it originates from an open network.
Biometric Authentication Systems: Using unique biological traits of individuals as a means of authentication.
Secure Hardware (HSMs, TPMs): Using physical devices to manage digital keys for strong authentication and provide cryptographic processing.
Series: What is cybersecurity and why is it important?